Evidence-based research

The most comprehensive resource on atherosclerosis

Data and summaries from the world's most reliable medical sources. Only open-access, peer-reviewed research.

Topics covered

Medications

100

Patient questions

Weekly

Research updates

Medical topics

50 topics · peer-reviewed sources only

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LDL oxidation

Lipid biology · 20 findings

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Plaque formation

Pathophysiology · 20 findings

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Statin therapy

Pharmacology · 20 findings

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PCSK9 inhibitors

Pharmacology · 20 findings

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Coronary artery disease

Clinical · 20 findings

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Vulnerable plaque

Imaging · 20 findings

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Endothelial dysfunction

Vascular biology · 20 findings

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Inflammation & CRP

Biomarkers · 20 findings

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Carotid IMT

Imaging · 20 findings

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Plaque regression

Treatment · 20 findings

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Foam cell formation

Pathophysiology · 20 findings

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HDL function

Lipid biology · 20 findings

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Triglycerides & risk

Lipid biology · 20 findings

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Arterial stiffness

Vascular biology · 20 findings

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ApoB vs LDL-C

Biomarkers · 20 findings

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Omega-3 evidence

Nutrition · 20 findings

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Mediterranean diet

Nutrition · 20 findings

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Exercise & plaques

Lifestyle · 20 findings

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Hypertension linkage

Comorbidities · 20 findings

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Diabetes & atherosclerosis

Comorbidities · 20 findings

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Lipoprotein(a) — Lp(a)

Biomarkers · 20 findings

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Fibrates & residual risk

Pharmacology · 20 findings

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Coronary calcium scoring (CAC)

Imaging · 20 findings

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Peripheral artery disease

Clinical · 20 findings

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Stroke & carotid disease

Clinical · 20 findings

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Metabolic syndrome

Comorbidities · 20 findings

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Smoking & vascular damage

Lifestyle · 20 findings

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Stress & cortisol effects

Lifestyle · 20 findings

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Sleep & cardiovascular risk

Lifestyle · 20 findings

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Gut microbiome & atherosclerosis

Emerging · 20 findings

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Clonal hematopoiesis

Emerging · 20 findings

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Microplastics in plaques

Emerging · 20 findings

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TMAO & dietary risk

Emerging · 20 findings

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Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)

Imaging · 20 findings

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CT coronary angiography

Imaging · 20 findings

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Inclisiran siRNA therapy

Pharmacology · 20 findings

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Bempedoic acid

Pharmacology · 20 findings

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Colchicine cardiovascular evidence

Pharmacology · 20 findings

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GLP-1 agonists & plaque

Pharmacology · 20 findings

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Anti-inflammatory therapy

Treatment · 20 findings

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Plaque vulnerability markers

Biomarkers · 20 findings

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Fibrinogen & coagulation

Biomarkers · 20 findings

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Homocysteine & vascular risk

Biomarkers · 20 findings

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Renal artery stenosis

Clinical · 20 findings

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Aortic atherosclerosis

Clinical · 20 findings

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Obesity paradox

Research · 20 findings

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Sex differences in atherosclerosis

Research · 20 findings

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Familial hypercholesterolemia

Genetics · 20 findings

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Ancient atherosclerosis (mummies)

Research · 20 findings

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Stem cell & regenerative therapy

Emerging · 20 findings

Weekly Research Updates

Updated every Monday

Latest atherosclerosis research findings from peer-reviewed literature

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Real questions

100 situations · research-backed answers

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I have atherosclerosis and cancer — what should I do?

Comorbidities

🟠

I am 25 years old and already have atherosclerosis

Young patients

💊

I have atherosclerosis but cannot afford medication

Access & cost

🏥

My doctor said my arteries are clogged — what now?

Newly diagnosed

🌿

Can atherosclerosis be reversed naturally?

Reversal

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and I am pregnant

Comorbidities

🟠

I was just diagnosed with atherosclerosis at 30

Young patients

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes

Comorbidities

🏃

Can I still exercise if I have atherosclerosis?

Lifestyle

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and high blood pressure

Comorbidities

🥗

What foods should I completely avoid with atherosclerosis?

Nutrition

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and kidney disease

Comorbidities

🧬

My father died of a heart attack — am I at risk?

Genetics

🏃

I have atherosclerosis and I am a smoker — is it too late?

Lifestyle

💊

Can statins actually reverse plaque buildup?

Medications

📊

What is the life expectancy with severe atherosclerosis?

Prognosis

🦵

I have atherosclerosis in my legs — can I still walk?

Peripheral artery

🏥

I was told I need a stent — what are my options?

Treatment

🥗

Can diet alone stop atherosclerosis from getting worse?

Nutrition

📊

How do I know if my atherosclerosis is getting worse?

Monitoring

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and atrial fibrillation

Comorbidities

🏃

I have atherosclerosis and I drink alcohol daily

Lifestyle

🏥

My cholesterol is normal but I still have atherosclerosis

Newly diagnosed

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and I am overweight

Comorbidities

🏃

Can I fly long distances with atherosclerosis?

Lifestyle

📊

I have atherosclerosis and feel no symptoms — is that normal?

Monitoring

🏥

What is the difference between atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis?

Newly diagnosed

🧬

I have high Lp(a) — what does that mean for my risk?

Genetics

💊

Can I take fish oil instead of a statin?

Medications

🦵

I have atherosclerosis in my neck arteries

Peripheral artery

💊

My statin is causing muscle pain — what can I do?

Medications

💊

Is a PCSK9 inhibitor worth the cost for me?

Medications

🏥

I had a heart attack — how do I prevent a second one?

Treatment

🏃

Can stress cause atherosclerosis to get worse?

Lifestyle

📊

I have atherosclerosis and I am 70 — is treatment still worth it?

Prognosis

💊

My doctor wants me on aspirin — do I really need it?

Medications

🥗

Can I eat eggs if I have atherosclerosis?

Nutrition

🥗

Is red meat really that bad for atherosclerosis?

Nutrition

💊

I have atherosclerosis and I want to stop my medication

Medications

🥗

Can intermittent fasting help with atherosclerosis?

Nutrition

📊

I was diagnosed with a calcium score of 400 — how bad is that?

Monitoring

🏃

What is the best exercise for atherosclerosis?

Lifestyle

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and depression

Comorbidities

🌿

Can weight loss reverse atherosclerosis?

Reversal

🧬

I have a family history of heart disease — when should I get tested?

Genetics

🔴

Can atherosclerosis cause erectile dysfunction?

Comorbidities

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and sleep apnea

Comorbidities

🥗

Is dark chocolate good for atherosclerosis?

Nutrition

🥗

I am vegetarian — does that protect me from atherosclerosis?

Nutrition

📊

What does a cardiologist check at follow-up for atherosclerosis?

Monitoring

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Can coffee worsen atherosclerosis?

Nutrition

🏥

I have atherosclerosis and I am on blood thinners — is surgery safe?

Treatment

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Can high-intensity exercise be dangerous with atherosclerosis?

Lifestyle

🦵

I have atherosclerosis in my aorta — is that dangerous?

Peripheral artery

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My doctor mentioned bypass surgery — what should I know?

Treatment

🏃

Can saunas help or hurt atherosclerosis?

Lifestyle

🧬

Is my atherosclerosis genetic?

Genetics

💊

Can berberine replace my statin?

Medications

🏃

I have atherosclerosis and travel frequently — what should I know?

Lifestyle

📊

What is the HEART score and how is it used?

Monitoring

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I have atherosclerosis and hypothyroidism

Comorbidities

🔬

Can microplastics in my arteries be removed?

Emerging

🔬

What is clonal hematopoiesis and why does it matter?

Emerging

💊

Can Ozempic help my atherosclerosis?

Medications

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis

Comorbidities

🏥

What is the role of inflammation in my plaques?

Newly diagnosed

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and lupus

Comorbidities

💊

Can I take supplements instead of statins?

Medications

📊

My triglycerides are very high — how does that affect atherosclerosis?

Monitoring

🟠

I have atherosclerosis at 35 — is this extremely rare?

Young patients

🥗

What is the Mediterranean diet and does it really work?

Nutrition

🥗

Can I drink red wine with atherosclerosis?

Nutrition

📊

I was told my plaque is "soft" — what does that mean?

Monitoring

📊

What happens if I ignore my atherosclerosis?

Prognosis

🟠

I have atherosclerosis and I am a competitive athlete

Young patients

🏥

How long does it take for plaques to build up?

Newly diagnosed

🌿

Can I reverse atherosclerosis with the Ornish diet?

Reversal

📊

Is there a test to see if my atherosclerosis is improving?

Monitoring

💊

My doctor suggested Ozempic for my heart — why?

Medications

💊

Can PCSK9 inhibitors cause side effects?

Medications

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and psoriasis

Comorbidities

📊

My ApoB is high but LDL seems normal — which matters more?

Monitoring

🏃

Can cold weather affect atherosclerosis?

Lifestyle

🏃

I have atherosclerosis and I work night shifts

Lifestyle

🔬

What is the JUPITER trial and why does it matter?

Emerging

🔴

Can atherosclerosis affect my kidneys?

Comorbidities

💊

I have atherosclerosis and take NSAIDs regularly

Medications

💊

Can colchicine help my atherosclerosis?

Medications

🏥

My doctor said I have "silent" atherosclerosis — what does that mean?

Newly diagnosed

🧬

I have atherosclerosis — should my children be tested?

Genetics

🔬

Can stem cell therapy cure atherosclerosis?

Emerging

🔴

I have atherosclerosis and I am going through menopause

Comorbidities

🔬

Can my gut bacteria affect my atherosclerosis?

Emerging

🦵

I have peripheral artery disease — what are my treatment options?

Peripheral artery

🏥

What is the difference between a heart attack and a stroke?

Newly diagnosed

💊

I have atherosclerosis and cannot afford a statin

Access & cost

🏃

Can walking 10,000 steps a day help my atherosclerosis?

Lifestyle

📊

I have atherosclerosis and want to know my 10-year risk

Prognosis

📊

What does an ABI test measure and do I need it?

Monitoring

🔬

I have atherosclerosis — is there a cure coming soon?

Emerging

Medications for atherosclerosis

20 drugs · evidence, side effects, patient questions

Atorvastatin (Lipitor)

Statin

→ Is 80mg atorvastatin too high?
→ Can atorvastatin cause liver damage?
→ Does atorvastatin shrink plaque?
→ Can I stop if I feel fine?

Rosuvastatin (Crestor)

Statin

→ Rosuvastatin vs atorvastatin?
→ Can rosuvastatin cause memory loss?
→ Is rosuvastatin safe for kidneys?
→ Can I take it every other day?

Evolocumab (Repatha)

PCSK9 inhibitor

→ Is Repatha worth the cost?
→ How do I inject Repatha?
→ Can Repatha reverse plaque?
→ Repatha vs Praluent?

Alirocumab (Praluent)

PCSK9 inhibitor

→ Praluent vs Repatha — which is better?
→ How often do I inject Praluent?
→ Can Praluent be used with a statin?
→ ODYSSEY trial results?

Inclisiran (Leqvio)

siRNA

→ How does inclisiran work differently?
→ How often is inclisiran injected?
→ Is inclisiran safer than PCSK9 inhibitors?
→ ORION trial results?

Aspirin (low dose)

Antiplatelet

→ Should I take aspirin daily?
→ Is 81mg enough?
→ Can aspirin reduce plaque?
→ When should I stop daily aspirin?

Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Antiplatelet

→ How long do I need Plavix after a stent?
→ Can I stop if I need surgery?
→ Plavix vs aspirin?
→ Does Plavix cause bleeding?

Ticagrelor (Brilinta)

Antiplatelet

→ Ticagrelor vs clopidogrel?
→ Why does ticagrelor cause breathlessness?
→ PLATO trial results?
→ How long after ACS should I take it?

Ezetimibe (Zetia)

Other

→ Does ezetimibe work as well as statins?
→ Can it be taken alone?
→ Does it cause liver problems?
→ Ezetimibe + statin combination?

Bempedoic acid (Nexletol)

Other

→ Is bempedoic acid a statin alternative?
→ Can it be used if I have myopathy?
→ CLEAR Outcomes trial results?
→ Bempedoic acid + ezetimibe combination?

Semaglutide (Ozempic)

GLP-1 agonist

→ Does Ozempic reduce plaque?
→ SELECT trial results?
→ Can it be prescribed for prevention?
→ Ozempic vs Mounjaro?

Colchicine (Lodoco)

Anti-inflammatory

→ Can colchicine reduce arterial inflammation?
→ LoDoCo2 trial results?
→ Is it safe long-term?
→ Dose for cardiovascular protection?

Icosapentaenoic acid (Vascepa)

Supplement

→ Vascepa vs regular fish oil?
→ REDUCE-IT trial results?
→ Is Vascepa worth the cost?
→ Can Vascepa reduce plaque?

Omega-3 fish oil (OTC)

Supplement

→ Does OTC fish oil reduce cardiovascular risk?
→ How much for atherosclerosis?
→ Fish oil vs Vascepa?
→ Can it cause bleeding with aspirin?

Berberine

Supplement

→ Can berberine replace statins?
→ Does it reduce plaque?
→ Berberine vs metformin?
→ What is the evidence quality?

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)

Supplement

→ Does CoQ10 help statin side effects?
→ Can CoQ10 protect the heart?
→ What dose for cardiovascular benefit?
→ CoQ10 vs ubiquinol?

Metformin

Other

→ Can metformin reduce cardiovascular risk beyond diabetes?
→ Does metformin reduce plaque?
→ UKPDS cardiovascular data?
→ Is metformin safe for non-diabetics?

Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)

Anticoagulant

→ When is rivaroxaban used in atherosclerosis?
→ COMPASS trial results?
→ Rivaroxaban vs aspirin for PAD?
→ Bleeding risk with rivaroxaban?

Amlodipine

Other

→ Can amlodipine slow plaque progression?
→ CAMELOT trial results?
→ Does amlodipine reduce cardiovascular events?
→ Amlodipine vs other calcium channel blockers?

Niacin (extended release)

Other

→ Can niacin raise HDL and help atherosclerosis?
→ AIM-HIGH trial results?
→ Why was niacin largely abandoned?
→ Is niacin still used for Lp(a)?